TM 1-1500-204-23-11
(8) Work Surfaces. Work tables and benches
(2) Bolt down all machinery that can move or
should be wiped with water and a dampened lint-free
walk due to vibration (drill press, bench
cloth at the beginning of each shift. A mild detergent
grinder, etc.)
may be added to the water.
(3) Substantial low resistance conductors shall
(9) Release Agents. The use of release
be used to ground all stationary and portable
agents of any kind, especially silicones, in the bond-
machines, equipment, or other devices in
ing/layup area is prohibited. Release agents should
which static charges may be generated, or
be applied in an area away from the bonding/layup
which require electrical circuits of a haz-
area. Do not store or use aerosols or release agents
ardous nature.
of any kind in the controlled area.
(4) Shop machinery shall be operated only by
(10) Parts Cleaning. Only those parts that
qualiied personnel observing safe practices.
have had aircraft grease, dirt and luids removed
should be allowed in the layup area.
2-3. HAZARDOUS MATERIALS. The use of new
materials brings with it a concern for health and safety.
(11) Ventilation. The operation of fume pro-
Often, new materials have not been adequately tested
ducing or fuel powered equipment shall not be per-
to determine all possible health hazards associated
mitted within the bonding/layup area during layup
with their use. Therefore, it is prudent to exercise
and bonding operations. Only air powered equipment
caution in their use, handling and disposal. The
necessary for curing a repair should be used in the
information provided in this section is based upon
bonding/layup area. Incoming air shall be locally il-
guidelines provided by the Occupational Safety and
tered to remove oil and moisture. Care should be
Health Administration (OSHA), the American Confer-
taken to direct the exhaust away from other surface
ence of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH),
cleaning, layup, and bonding operations.
and the National Institute of Occupational Safety and
Health (NIOSH). The local safety ofice determines
the exposure limits applicable to the processes and
(12) Dust Collection. A ventilated and iso-
equipment being maintained.
lated machining area is preferred for operations that
generate dust, such as trimming, sanding, grinding,
a. Toxicity versus Hazard. Toxicity is the inherent
or drilling. A dust collection system with a HEPA
ilter must be employed to collect generated dust.
harmful effect of a material. Most materials, no matter
Dust producing processes should not be conducted
how "safe" one thinks they may be, are toxic. On
in the bonding/layup area. If isolation from the layup
the other hand, if materials are handled correctly and
area is not feasible, do not perform repair material
carefully, even the most toxic materials may pose
preparation or repair layup during dust generating
little hazard to the worker. No substance is a hazard
operations and ensure the layup area is vacuumed
by itself. It is the dosage that makes a substance a
cleaned prior to performing material preparation or
hazard. The term hazard takes into account not only
layup operations. Damage removal/preparation and
the material s inherent toxicity, but also the exposure
other dust producing activities shall be stopped 30
to the material. For example, if one is exposed to a
minutes prior to bonding/layup. For the intermediate
large amount of a chemical with relatively low toxicity,
level, this area should have a sanding booth or down
the resultant hazard may be great. However, without
draft table with a vacuum and dust collection system
exposure even the most toxic chemical presents no
with HEPA ilters. A portable vacuum cleaner with
hazard.
a HEPA ilter should be used by the organizational
level to collect the dust at the source of generation.
(1) Acute Toxicity. The acute toxicity of a
material is the harmful effect after a single or short
c. Shop Safety. Unsafe equipment and ire haz-
term exposure. Materials exhibiting acute toxicity are
ards are the main factors to be observed while plan-
normally classiied as irritants, corrosives or sensitiz-
ning safety procedures. Unsafe equipment shall be
ers.
reported immediately. The following equipment safety
practices shall be observed:
(a) Irritants. An irritant causes a localized
reaction resulting from either a single or multiple
(1) Machines shall be located to provide opera-
exposures. It is characterized by the presence of
tors with suficient space to handle materials
redness and swelling. It may or may not cause cell
and perform job operations without interfer-
death. Irritants are classiied as mild, moderate or
ence.
severe depending on the degree of damage they
inlict.
2-2
